O-GlcNAcylation and Activity of Succinate Dehydrogenase

Undergraduate Basi

Dielectric modelling of human skin and breast tissue in terahertz frequencies : potential application to cancer detection

University of Technology Sydney. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology.Growing developments in the generation and detection of terahertz (THz) radiation over more than two decades have created a strong incentive for researchers to study the biomedical applications of terahertz imaging. Contrasts in the THz images of various types of cancer, especially skin and breast cancer, are associated with changes in the dielectric properties of cancerous tissues. In fact, dielectric models can explain the interaction between terahertz radiation and human tissue at a molecular level just as their parameters have the potential for becoming indicators of cancer. However, dielectric modelling of various forms of human tissue remains limited due to a number of factors, especially suboptimal fitting algorithms and tissue heterogeneity. Thanks to the high water content of human skin, its dielectric response to terahertz radiation can be described by the double Debye model. The existing fitting method using a nonlinear least square algorithm can extract the model parameters which track their measurements accurately at frequencies higher than one THz but poorly at lower frequencies. However, the majority of dielectric contrast between normal and cancerous skin tissues has been observed in the low THz range. Accordingly, this research has developed two global optimization algorithms which are capable of globally accurate tracking thereby supporting the full validity of the double Debye model in simulating the dielectric spectra of human skin in the THz frequencies. Numerical results confirm their superiority over the conventional methods. Furthermore, the next goal of the study is to apply statistical analysis to the parameters of the double Debye model in order to test their discrimination capability of skin cancer from normal tissue. Linear programming and support vector machine algorithms have also been employed using these parameters to classify normal skin tissue and basal cell carcinoma. By combining the double Debye parameters, the classification accuracy has shown significant improvement. The encouraging outcomes confirm the classification potential of the double Debye parameters. The double Debye model, however, has been shown to be not suitable for simulating human breast tissue due to its low water content and heterogeneous structure, thus limiting the understanding of the THz dielectric response of breast tissue. To overcome this problem, this study proposes a new non-Debye dielectric model to fit the dielectric spectra of human breast tissue. Due to the mathematical complexity of the fitting procedure, a sampling gradient algorithm of non-smooth optimization is used to optimize the fitting solution. Simulation results confirm applicability of the non-Debye model through its exceptional ability to fit the examined data. Statistical measures have also been used to analyse the possibility of using the parameters of this model to differentiate breast tumours from healthy breast tissue. Based on the statistical analysis, popular classification methods such as support vector machines and Bayesian neural network have also been applied to examine these parameters and their combinations for breast cancer classification. The obtained classification accuracies indicate the classification potential of the model parameters as well as highlighting several valuable features of the parameter combinations

Pyruvate

Undergraduate Applie

Generalizing Topological Graph Neural Networks with Paths

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have made significant strides in diverse areas, they are hindered by a theoretical constraint known as the 1-Weisfeiler-Lehmann test. Even though latest advancements in higher-order GNNs can overcome this boundary, they typically center around certain graph components like cliques or cycles. However, our investigation goes a different route. We put emphasis on paths, which are inherent in every graph. We are able to construct a more general topological perspective and form a bridge to certain established theories about other topological domains. Interestingly, without any assumptions on graph sub-structures, our approach surpasses earlier techniques in this field, achieving state-of-the-art performance on several benchmarks

Torque vectoring based drive assistance system for turning an electric narrow tilting vehicle

The increasing number of cars leads to traffic congestion and limits parking issue in urban area. The narrow tilting vehicles therefore can potentially become the next generation of city cars due to its narrow width. However, due to the difficulty in leaning a narrow tilting vehicle, a drive assistance strategy is required to maintain its roll stability during a turn. This article presents an effective approach using torque vectoring method to assist the rider in balancing the narrow tilting vehicles, thus reducing the counter-steering requirements. The proposed approach is designed as the combination of two torque controllers: steer angle–based torque vectoring controller and tilting compensator–based torque vectoring controller. The steer angle–based torque vectoring controller reduces the counter-steering process via adjusting the vectoring torque based on the steering angle from the rider. Meanwhile, the tilting compensator–based torque vectoring controller develops the steer angle–based torque vectoring with an additional tilting compensator to help balancing the leaning behaviour of narrow tilting vehicles. Numerical simulations with a number of case studies have been carried out to verify the performance of designed controllers. The results imply that the counter-steering process can be eliminated and the roll stability performance can be improved with the usage of the presented approach

Managing risks and system performance in supply network: a conceptual framework

Examining a certain risk will provide an insight into a single dimension, but a picture of different risks in the supply chain (SC) is still lacking, as risks do not take place independently, but typically simultaneously. This research aims to propose and validate a conceptual framework for linking various dimensions of risk to system performance in the SC by applying SC mapping - a new approach in the SC risk body of literature. In the model, risks were classified into three categories with regard to their level of impact on performance: 1) core risks, e.g., supply risk, investor-related operational risks, contractor-related operational risks and demand risks; 2) infrastructure risks, e.g., finance risk, information risk and time risk; 3) external risks, e.g., human-made risks; 4) natural risks. Using the framework, companies will have a systematic view of risks in the whole SC network whereby they can define risks in their own context and ascertain critical SC risks that cause negative effects on SC performance

Numerical solution of the problems for plates on some complex partial internal supports

In the recent works, Dang and Truong proposed an iterative method for solving some problems of plates on one, two and three line partial internal supports (LPISs), and a cross internal support. In nature they are problems with strongly mixed boundary conditions for biharmonic equation. For this reason the method combines a domain decomposition technique with the reduction of the order of the equation from four to two. In this study, the method is developed for plates on internal supports of more complex configurations. Namely, we examine the cases of symmetric rectangular and H-shape supports, where the computational domain after reducing to the first quadrant of the plate is divided into three subdomains. Also, we consider the case of asymmetric rectangular support where the computational domain needs to be divided into 9 subdomains. The problems under consideration are reduced to sequences of weak mixed boundary value problems for the Poisson equation, which are solved by difference method. The performed numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the iterative method

Automatic Crack Detection in Built Infrastructure Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

This paper addresses the problem of crack detection which is essential for health monitoring of built infrastructure. Our approach includes two stages, data collection using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and crack detection using histogram analysis. For the data collection, a 3D model of the structure is first created by using laser scanners. Based on the model, geometric properties are extracted to generate way points necessary for navigating the UAV to take images of the structure. Then, our next step is to stick together those obtained images from the overlapped field of view. The resulting image is then clustered by histogram analysis and peak detection. Potential cracks are finally identified by using locally adaptive thresholds. The whole process is automatically carried out so that the inspection time is significantly improved while safety hazards can be minimised. A prototypical system has been developed for evaluation and experimental results are included.Comment: In proceeding of The 34th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), pp. 823-829, Taipei, Taiwan, 201

Non-classical properties and generation schemes of superposition of multiple-photon-added two-mode squeezed vacuum state

In this paper, we study some non-classical properties and propose the generation schemes of the superposition of multiple-photon-added two-mode squeezed vacuum state (SMPA-TMSVS). Based on the   Wigner function, we clarify that this state is a non-Gaussian state, while the original two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSVS) is a Gaussian state. Besides, the SMPA-TMSVS is sum squeezing, as well as difference squeezing. In particular, the manifestation of the sum squeezing and the difference squeezing in the SMPA-TMSVS becomes more pronounced when increasing parameters r and e. In addition, by exploiting the schemes of photon-added superposition in the usual order, we give some schemes that the SMPA-TMSVS can be generated with the higher-order photon-added superposition by using some optical devices